Determinants Of Import Demand For Ghana Essay - 2185 Words

DETERMINANTS OF IMPORT DEMAND IN GHANA Abstract The paper investigates the determinants of import demand for Ghana using a time series data from 1980 to 2013. An imperfect substitute approach was used in modelling the import demand function for Ghana. Amongst the key results it is found that Ghana’s import demand is positively and significantly affected by the level of exports, government spending and gross fixed capital formation. These three variables are the major determinants of Ghana’s imports. Relative prices and inflation showed a negative insignificant relationship. The study concluded that increasing the share of those components for which import demand elasticity is low and by reducing the share of those components for which import demand elasticity is high will help improve balance of payments.. For instance, monetary policy promoting saving and investment and fiscal policy providing incentives for domestic resource-based and export oriented industries will be useful. Exports of finished goods instead of p rimary or semi-finished commodities should be encouraged. Keywords: Import demand, import substitution, Ghana Introduction The importance of international trade in the development process has been of interest to development economists. In the recent years, because of the popularity of globalization, the interdependence among countries at the world level has increased. Every country wants to achieve rapid pace of economic development through getting theShow MoreRelatedEffects of Human Capital on Maize Production in Ghana Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesto 21.5% in 2013, it still remains a significant player in the economy of the country (Ghana Statistical Service 2008; ISSER 2011; CIA 2013). The agricultural sector employs about 60% of the workforce in Ghana and can therefore be regarded as the backbone of the Ghanaian economy (ISSER, 2011). Maize is the most important cereal crop produced in Ghana and it is also the most widely consumed staple food in Ghana (Morris et al., 1999). Maize accounts for 55% of grain output in the country. Maize isRead MoreQuestions On International Trade Theory1332 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades to trade with other nations. Furthermore, international trade theories were developed to explain the benefit nations can get from utilizing free trade pattern and participating in the multilateral trade with opening up strategy by eliminating import control, export support and other types of anti-trade approach (Geiersbach, 2012). In this essay, two major parts of the evolution of international trade theory were compared and contrasted, which are traditional international trade theory and newRead MoreAlpha Is The Largest And Most Internationalised Nigerian5097 Words   |  21 Pageswell as offering import subsidies geared towards intermediary input products. This policy approach by the government re sulted in a temporary increase in manufacturing output with a peak at 7.8% contribution to the total economy in the 1980s’, especially in the assemblage sub-sector. Again, 1987 saw an enactment of Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) as advised by the World Bank. Whereby the Nigerian government placed an embargo on the importation of raw materials to encourage import substitution toRead MoreDeterminants of International Trade Essay22457 Words   |  90 PagesUNDERSTANDING THE DETERMINANTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FOR GHANA AND SOUTH AFRICA    LAURA Mà RQUEZ-RAMOS Universitat Jaume I Instituto de Economà ­a Internacional ABSTRACT There are clear economic differences between developed and developing countries that lead to a different behaviour among them in the determinants of bilateral trade flows. Although a number of authors have focused on the determinants of the trade patterns, further researchRead MoreAgri Markets7792 Words   |  32 PagesSCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Market Information and Extent of Agricultural Commercialization: Empirical Evidence from Smallholder Farmers in Effutu Municipality of Ghana Edward Martey1* 1 Savanna Agricultural Research Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P. O. Box TL 52, Tamale, Ghana. Author’s contribution This whole work was carried out by author EM. th Original Research Article Received 26 March 2014 th Accepted 14 May 2014 th Published 29 July 2014 Read MoreIndividual Case Analysis And Presentation Essay9535 Words   |  39 Pagesas offering import subsidies gear towards intermediary input products. This policy approach by the government resulted in a temporary increase in manufacturing output with a peak of 7.8% contribution to the total economy in the 1980s’, especially in the assemblage sub-sector. Again, 1987 saw an enactment of Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) as advised by the World Bank, whereby the Nigerian government placed a ban on the importation of raw materials into Nigeria to encourage import substitutionRead MoreImport And Local Production Of Cement Importation9782 Words   |  40 Pagesother inputs in the manufacturing and distribution process. Also, the easy access and low cost of acquiring an import license in comparison with difficulty in import license acquisition for manufacturing equipment spare parts also discouraged local manufacturing (Mojekwu, Idowu, Sode, 2013). See table below for th e import and local manufacturing trend over time Table 3: Cement imports and local production 1986-2011 As seen from the above table 2, between 1999 and 2008 the importation of cementRead MoreIca Gh Syslabus26672 Words   |  107 PagesObjectives and Expected Performance Outcome of each part THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS (GHANA) Syllabus for ICAG Qualifying Examinations ACCRA 2009 Institute of Chartered Accountants, Ghana 1 Proposed Sylabus for ICAG Qualifying Examinations Contents Introduction Features and Inovations of the New Scheme Objectives and Expected Performance Outcomes of Each Part PART 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Financial Accounting Fundermentals Business Management Economics Management InformationRead MoreFactors Influencing The International Expansion Of Nigerian Banks6650 Words   |  27 PagesInterSwitch, Computer Warehouse group, Globalcom and several banks. Specifically, research on the motivation and patterns of the internationalisation of SSA firms, will bring understanding to heterogeneous characteristics of these multinationals and the determinant factors of their internationalisation.. 5. Methodology Due to the relatively under-explored research topic and contemporary nature of the phenomenon under investigation of the internationalisation process of SSA firms from Nigeria a case studyRead MoreFormal and Informal Institutions21073 Words   |  85 Pagesincreasingly difficult for informal credit sources to satisfy, yet they still remain too small for the formal lenders (Aryeetey, 1996a). Studies on financial markets in Africa have shown that credit markets are segmented and unable to satisfy the existing demand for credit in rural areas. Whereas for informal markets it is the limited resources that bring the constraint, for the formal sector it is the difficulty in loan administration that is the problem. A relevant issue for empirical investigation is therefore

Hello Guys It’s Sports Day Free Essays

I feel it a great pleasure to participate as Chief Guest in the 20th Annual-cum-Sports Day of Akal Academy Baru Sahib here today. Today’s world is very competitive. Mere education will not suffice. We will write a custom essay sample on Hello Guys It’s Sports Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now Education combined with good, moral character and knowledge with proficiency in sports and extra curricular activities is necessary. Education ignites the minds of youth and it should be knowledge-based and should kindle the thinking process in the youth. Educating more and more rural youth is essential. It should reach the unreached. Qualitative improvement in education suited to the changing scenario is warranted. Education is a continuous process and starts right from childhood and gradually makes one a leader. It is he teacher who nurtures good conduct and character amongst students. Real education moulds the youth into useful citizens of tomorrow. Inculcating discipline and moral values in the students are necessary. The onerous responsibility of shaping the youth rests with the teachers. The teachers should stand as role models for the students. The teachers are like Gurus and are next to God. The Gurukul form of education was prevalent in earlier days. There were lot of restrictions on students and strict discipline was maintained. The Gurus were above all in the society and they received great respect. Now the residential schools provide various avenues for learning. All subjects are taught and students are involved in various extra curricular activities also. Sports is recreation and the joy of participation, developing skills, regular practice and hard work that makes one to excel in sports. Taking to extra curricular activities is a must for students. It helps one to develop good physique, reduces stress and develops the quality of team spirit. Learning self-confidence, goal-setting and time management are the necessary for a sports person. Concentrate on sports. Rigorous practice and dedication will help you to win laurels to your institution, state and the nation. The physical education teachers and the educational institutions should take it as their bounden duty to identify talents from the students and put them to special coaching. Starting of exclusive sports schools as in US and UK should also be considered. I am sure that by starting sports schools, we can produce many talented sportspersons, who can compete at the global level and in Olympics. I am sure that the Kalgidhar Trust/Society would formulate plans to further improve sports in this complex. I congratulate all the students who have won prizes in various events. Sant Attar Singh Ji and Sant Teja Singh Ji were both extremely dedicated persons. Sant Attar Singh founded many educational institutions in rural areas in Punjab and also Akal College, Mastuana. He sent Sant Teja Singh to foreign countries for higher education and learning and after coming back he dedicated his life for imparting quality education to the needy. This institution was also started according to their wishes. My mother told me that Sant Ji used to perform Kirtan in a loud voice, which could be heard half a mile away as there were no loud-speakers in those days. He was invited to lay the foundation of the Hindu University, Banaras by Pandit Madan Mohan Malavia. This place is blessed by such great saints and that is why the Baru Sahib Academy, which was started in 1986 with just 5 students, now has strength of 23,000 students studying in its 22 CBSE affiliated Secondary schools. I congratulate the Akal Academies established by The Kalgidhar Trust for yeoman service to the society and to the spread of education. It is heartening to note that the Kalgidhar Trust and the Society are working with a mission to establish a permanent peace in the world through the synthesis of value-based scientific education and moral rejuvenation creating good global citizens. Guru Nanak Dev Ji was a great enlightener and a teacher. Guru Nanak’s concern with the right conduct of individuals and society and social responsibilities, is of universal significance. The educational institutions and the teachers are bestowed with the responsibility of producing students with good conduct and character. Service to poor is service to God. I am pleased to learn that The Kalgidhar Trust, a non-profit charitable organization has dedicated itself in the promotion of quality education and in creation of future citizens with good conduct and character and committed towards society. The services rendered by the Kalgidhar Trust/Society towards spiritual upliftment of the underprivileged and in primary health care in rural areas in North India and its dedication towards upliftment of the socio-economic status of rural poor is laudable. Health is the prime wealth for a nation and various welfare schemes are implemented by the Central and State Governments to take care of the health of the people. NGOs provide a helping hand in providing healthcare and in creation of awareness on health and hygiene. I congratulate the Kalgidhar Trust Society for its dedicated efforts to improve basic healthcare through better immunization, child and maternal healthcare, establishing de-addiction centers and by taking out preventive and curative measures to control diseases and for working with a mission to provide healthcare to the underprivileged. The services rendered by the Trust to HIV and AIDS affected persons, through ‘One Stop Centers’ is laudable. A nation develops when there is explosion of knowledge and by development of education. As students, your contribution is vital. Aim high in life. Set your goals. Work hard to achieve them. This is what your parents, your teachers and the institution expect from you. I am pleased to learn that the Kalgidhar Trust and Society’s vision is to create high caliber students with all-round excellence, beyond academic dimensions and to provide more such students and to enable the underprivileged to attain this distinction. I convey my warm felicitations to Baba Iqbal Singh Ji, Dr. Khem Singh, who are experts in their own fields and to all the office-bearers and members of the Kalgidhar Trust and Society, the principal, teachers, staff and students on the 20th Annual-cum-Sports Day and wish The Kalgidhar Trust and Akal Academy all success in its endeavors. Jai Hind How to cite Hello Guys It’s Sports Day, Essay examples

Defining the Concept of Self Essay Example For Students

Defining the Concept of Self Essay Who am I? There are many of us walking around trying to figure out who we are and what we stand for. Self-reflection can be conveyed in many different ways, using many different adjectives to describe the person we are. There are some who will give an honest description of one’s self and then there is some who become delusional with the perception they want others to see. Most people on social sites create a profile which can be so far from whom they really are, it is usually a perception of who they want to be. This paper will define the self, the concept of the self, the functions of the self, the core motives of the self, and how the core motives of the self relates to survival. The definition of the self can have a variety of descriptions depending on who is defining it. The self is an embodied human who have different attributes, characteristics, and interest which distinguished them from other people. The self will take ownership and possession of materialistic items to create an outlook to be viewed by others. The self is the study of the effective and cognitive method to identify one’s self. There are four basic levels to identify the self, they are body self, inner self, interpersonal self, and societal self (Fiske, 2010). The body self, also can be referred to as the material self, is the most simplistic level of identifying the unique characteristics of a person. The body self takes on ownership of one’s belongings. The distinction between the self and not-self would include an expressive response to having something loss, damaged, or derogation. These are all characteristics of the self (Fiske, 2010). The inner self is an experience that a person will go through, which can be described as an inner body experience that will separate from body an outer experience. The inner self is the qualifications that relatives and close friends see when they are around you. The inner self displays characteristics of emotions, beliefs, and who we are and what we are made of. The inner self is a reflection of how the self relates to the society and the way one expresses concern for specific issues. The interpersonal self is a connection one develops between two parties. The interpersonal self is a unique description of who we are and who or what we want to become. The self will choose a career path built on the personality of the self. The interpersonal self is a defined description of who people perceive to be and become. The self-perception of how someone previews themselves is determined by self-concept, self-esteem, and self-presentation. Self –concept is a cognitive component of one’s self. It helps to define the intellectual focus and beliefs of the self. Self-concepts consists of one’s self schema, which is a combination of self-esteem, self-knowledge, and the social self which creates a formation of one’s completed wholesome self. The outlook of one’s self schema is a representation of who the person is and what they want to become. Self-schema gives a general idea the person’s past, present, and their future. The perception of one’s self schema is to become a better person than they have been in the past. Self-esteem is a trait people have to determine how they value themselves and how valuable they can be to the world and others. Self-esteem plays a big part in relationships and deems others to be trustworthy. Self-esteem determines how a positive a person feels about themselves. A person’s self-esteem can present a positive outlook on life, which determines them to have a high self-esteem. On the other hand, there is a person with a low self-esteem, which they feel unwanted and out casted by others. A person with a low self-esteem has no regard on their full potential. They feel unworthy and think very poorly of themselves. A person with a high self-esteem has a very strong personality and takes charge of their life without the fear of rejection. .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .postImageUrl , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:hover , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:visited , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:active { border:0!important; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:active , .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676 .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u309189097c67db428eccb28e70d22676:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Self as a Writing Concept EssaySelf-presentation is a description of how people try to present themselves to others. The presentation of the self, a person would affiliate themselves with important people, figuring out ways to help others, and convey positive attributes to others. These characteristics of a person can give others the idea that the person is an overall good and helpful human being. There are five core social motives that evolve to assist people to become part of something positive and effective. Most people yearn to become part of a group or community. The five core social motives consist of belonging, understanding, controlling, self-enhancing, and trusting. Each one of these motives build upon one another, the main motive is belonging. Belonging is a state of action of needing and wanting to be a part of something and show some type of consistency. We are creatures of nature, who yearn to find a companion to build a strong foundation with, this helps us to operate on a daily basis. People who are not involved in a group or community tend to become a loner. Most people who become very distance tend to create even more problems for themselves, meaning you haven some that indulge in some criminal activity just to belong to something. When a person feels they belong to something, it helps them to develop physically and psychologically. The motives consist of two cores which demonstrate cognition and the other two proven to be affective. After the sense of belonging, one tends to gain an understanding, a comprehension of their surroundings and being able to decipher it according to their level of knowledge. A personal understanding of what is going on around you and having a stable interpretation is all about being a part of a community group. This helps the people to function in a group settings appropriately. Next core social motive is controlling, which also is a cognitive social motive. Controlling is a sense of realizing that the behavioral regime affects one’s outcomes. Controlling is designed to develop a balance in life. This is very important because it allows us to perform and blend in with the community or group that a person chooses to become a part of. Having some control of one’s self, maintaining a daily schedule, and having the opportunity to control what happens during their day is a major part of daily life functioning. Enhancing the self is a motivational core that is designed to make people feel good about their overall self and continue enhancing their self-esteem. This motive becomes important in circumstances of threats, failure, or blows to one’s self-esteem. Self enhancement contains a predilection for positive and negative reviews of the self. This core motive is how people decide to control and direct their own actions. There are many different avenues a person can incorporate to enhance their self-worth, for example a person would criticize and put others down to make themselves look even better than they actually are. People, who seem to have a high self-esteem, continue to enhance one’s self-concept directly, by processing new information. A person with a low self-esteem would try to avoid situations where their inequalities are foreseen. Trusting is the last of the five core social motives which involves a general understanding that people tend to trust others. Trusting others eliminates any suspicion one have about another person. The failure to trust someone can be forgiven after some time has passed. Trust is a belief that is used to cope with the complexities that would require an unrealistic effort in logical reasoning. People are built to have some faith in others, and if that trust is broken, one will take a while to forgive but it will happen again naturally. For some reason, Americans have a tendency of trusting other quickly. In life we have to learn to trust others in order to build solid foundations. These five core social behaviors help to build the individual into becoming a better person as whole. Each motive defines the self and enhances the overall quality built within each person. These core motives helps to balance the survival tactics needed to be successful and live a long fulfilling life. Building a solid and strong foundation creates a path for developing loving relationships, building and enhances one’s self-esteem and their self-worth, and having the opportunity to become part of a group or community. .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .postImageUrl , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:hover , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:visited , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:active { border:0!important; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:active , .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8 .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue0a2ecc0c4a23506c438c1c6fc65b8d8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Ever Changing Concept of Health EssayWorks Cited Fiske, S. (2010). Social Beings: Core motives in social psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons Inc.